Mongols

The Mongol Interlude in Chinese History: Gender Roles and the Convergence of Mongol and Chinese Culture · MI- Women had rights that Chinese women didn’t have such as freedom to travel in the countryside and town freely whereas Chinese women were restricted to do so due to footbinding. · Refused the idea of footbinding that restricted Chinese women. · **Chabi ** was Kubili Khan’s wife and she had a role in politics and diplomatic affairs. · She had respected Chinese culture. Mongol Tolerance and Foreign Cultural Influence · MI- Kubili Khan had accepted various religions due to his tolerance and his interests in them. · New systems of Tax collecting were created by the Muslims that were in the court of Kubili. · Muslims doctors had a huge contribution by translating about 36 volumes about medicine and added it to the imperial library. · Marco Polo had traveled from Venice, Italy to the Mongol Empire in the 13th century. Social Policies and Scholar-Gentry Resistance The Fall of the House of Yuan Aftershock: The Brief Ride of Timur
 * MI- Kubili Khan and he changed the name from Mongol regime to Yuan Dynasty in 1271 and he created laws that had encouraged the separation between interactions of the Chinese and the Mongols.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In 1260 **Kubili Khan** became the great Khan, he was one of Changis Khan’s grandson.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kubili Khan made laws to separate the Chinese and the Mongols.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In the Yuan Dynasty the Mongols and the Muslims had taken over the top part of the social structure.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">MI- Kubili wanted to preserve Mongol rile in politics. To disagree with the Confucian the Mongols had showed great respect to the artisans. **The Romance of the West Chamber** was probably the most famous Chinese dramatic work.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kubili didn’t want to reinstate the examinations in order to preserve Mongol rule.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Mongol’s navy and war fleets were used to fend off against pirates that had tried to take over overseas commerce and rivers.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Kubili had restored the granary system that was created in case there was a famine that the Song dynasty had neglected.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">MI- During the end of Kubili’s rule there was revolting and the government became to weak to actually take any action regarding piracy.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Signs of weakness were starting to become visible in towards the end of Kubili’s rule, such as revolting and hostility.
 * **<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">White Lotus Society **<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> was a religious sect that had devoted themselves to overthrow the dynasty.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Ming dynasty was the next dynasty and is ruled by a man that came from a poor family and he was known as **Ju Yuanzhang.**
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">MI- His death in 1405 had ended his rule, the Turks were nothing like the Mongols, they had caused more destruction than peace and they were ruthless.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">The Turk had caused the second nomadic outburst and their leader was known as **Timur-I Lang**
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">His soldiers began to take action during the 1360’s to take control of other areas.
 * <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">His rule wasn’t peaceful like the Mongols, he built pyramids out of skulls.