Russia+and+Japan+Industrialization+outside+the+West

1. What was the Decemberist uprising? What were its causes and effects? Revolted Western army officers that occurred in 1825. The cause of the uprising was because of the laws that was set by Nicholas I. The effects had led more areas to be supervised such as schools and the newspaper.
 * Russia**

2. What were the weaknesses of the Russian economy? Their weakness was that they lacked technological advancements and they were behind in trade. Not only that but labor services increased due to landlords, used Western markets for grain, and increased their exports. They were still an agricultural society.

3. What caused the Crimean War? what were its major efects? The cause of the war was because of a disagreement, Nicholas I believed that it was Russia's responsibility to protect Christian interest in Holy Land. Sultan provided aid to Britain and France because they disagreed, did not want Russia to be limited. British did not want to lose control of India, wanted Diplomatic glory. Around 250,000 soldiers killed, each side. Pretty much destroyed Russia's hope for the future and pride.

4. Why were serfs emancipated? how did their emancipation differ from the emancipation of slaves in the U.S.? What changes did it create? Serfs were freed because it would not benefit them if they were seeking for change. Emancipation of slaves more generous they received land but the slaves only gained freedom. More emancipation was created to control the tsarist state. Peasants had to pay for land, went to aristocrats to preserve that status. Created larger urban labor force. More uprisings of peasants, more use of potatoes. Serfs were legally free, due to the new laws.

5 What were the Zemstvoes? How successful were they? They were local political councils, had ability to input their opinion in regulating policies, schools, and roads, gave lawyers and doctors new political experience. They were not really successful because they did not inflict any influence on national policy.

6. What was the significance of the Trans-Siberian railroad? The significance was that it connected European Russia to the Pacific, huge impact on Russia, led to expansion, increased exports of grain to the West. Gave Russia more contact to Asia, Siberia.

7. What economic reforms were enacted by Sergei Witte? Reforms that were enacted was high tariffs, improved banking system, and encouraged Western investors to establish factories that consists of advance technology.

8. What were the signs that Russia was headed to revolution? (think about - intelligentsia, anarchists, Marxists, Bolsheviks) Signs were social protests, peasant uprisings because of the redemption that they were required to pay. People wanted rights, freedom in things like places and school, or even liberal reforms. People became impatient with Russia, they thought that Russia was not developing fast enough. The **intelligentsia** desired political freedom and social reform. **Anarchists** wanted all the formal government to be removed, led to large terrorists movement. Strikes were formed by unions.