The+Classical+Period+Directions,+Diversities,+and+Declines

=Notes on whole Chapter:=


 * · The need to articulate values in each society is what Confucius and Laozi, Buddha, and Socrates had in common.
 * · Each civilization had its own different idea of what to expand to, what values would continue or knowledge.
 * · Each civilizations social structure and the way they value it varies
 * · India came in contact with South east Asia during the classical periods
 * · In the Kingdom of Kush at 1000 B.C.E. it had a similar form of writing that originated from hieroglyphics.
 * · Kush was defeated by **Axum** in 300 B.C.E. then they lost to **Ethiopia.**
 * · Christianity was brought to Ethiopia by the Greeks before part of them were Jewish.
 * · Before 500 .C.E., agriculture was spreading below Africa, farming occurred around the **Sahara.**
 * · There was agriculture in Japan around 200 C.E.
 * · Japan appears like it progress to iron tools and skipped the bronze age.
 * · **Shintoism** was the religion in Japan many things were being worshipped even the god of rice, the religion was unified in 700 C.E.
 * · From 800 B.C.E. to 400 B.C.E. the Olmecs in Central America were developing, built enormous pyramids for religious purpose however did not have writing.
 * · **Olmec culture** portrayed excellent results different crops grown, vanished around 400 C.E.
 * · **Maya** was after the Olmec starting from 400 C.E.
 * · Central Asia herders had helped in the development of history.
 * · Rome fell because of German invaders.
 * · Huns took over India and Rome
 * · Invaders had advantage when taking over Rome and China because there were already problems that existed before.
 * · In Han China the governments power decreased, bureaucrats became corrupt, heavy taxes were placed and landlords ruled others land.
 * · **Yellow Turbans** were leaders of Daoism they promised that divine magic could restore everything but failed.
 * · Diseases were spreading and politics effects were decreasing disease killed about half the population
 * · The spread of Buddhism caused China unity to fall.
 * · The **Sui** dynasty occurred about the 6th century following it after was the **Tang,** during the Tang dynasty a lot was being revived from the collapse
 * · The Huns took over India from the Gupta around 500 C.E.
 * · The Rajput was controlling the small states, and created large military.
 * · Buddhism was starting to decline in India; Devi was spreading, which is the worship of a mother goddess.
 * · During the 7th century the religion of **Islam** of appeared following the god **Allah**, the use of Sanskrit decreased.
 * · In Rome the population was decreasing and it was difficult to recruit people for the army.
 * · It was difficult to collect taxes due to the economy
 * · Diseases caused a drop of 75% in population and emperors were weak.
 * · German soldiers had to be hired because it was hard to recruit soldiers therefore it led to needing more money to pay the soldiers.
 * · Cultures began to decrease and textbooks were being written instead of writing about previous achievements.
 * · Population began to decrease because upper class thought children would take the joy out of life, production of things were decreasing and trade was decreasing too.
 * · From 284 to 305 C.E. Diocletian had ruled and had improved several things.
 * · Constantine tried to improve the empire with other ways however the results were worse due to the weakness of the western side. (312 to 337 C.E.)
 * · The collapse of Rome separated the Mediterranean into three.
 * · The Byzantine Empire was ruled by Justinian from 527 to 565 C.E)
 * · Sassanid Empire had replaced the Parthian Empire.
 * · Hinduism believed in the idea of reincarnation after the collapse of Gupta Devi was mainly worshipped and Hinduism declined.
 * · The doctrine of **Bodhisattvas** was created contained info about how people get nirvana through mediation.
 * · Buddhism was also known as **Mahayana** in the eastern part of Asia consisted of basic beliefs of Buddhism.
 * · Buddhism affected women in many ways, not everyone was in favor of Buddhism
 * · Christianity was spreading west unlike Buddhism where it was spreading east.
 * · Christians believed that **Jesus of Nazareth** was the son of God and his purpose in earth was to redeem sins.
 * · In Italy **Benedict** was the one that had made people stop worshipping Apollo and join the monastery.

Key term:
 * Axum || Defeated the Kush kingdom around 300 C.E. ||
 * Ethiopia || Defeated the Axum, Christianity eventually spread to Ethiopia due to the Greeks. ||
 * Shintoism || Japan’s religion included the worshipping of the rice god. ||
 * Olmec Culture || Portrayed great results, agriculture was the main idea, mainly used. ||
 * Maya || 400 C.E. where cultures really started to grow. ||
 * Yellow Turbans || Leaders of Daoist, promise that divine magic could restore what they had before. ||
 * Islam || New religion emerged in India, after 600 C.E. ||
 * Allah || God of the religion of Islam. ||
 * Byzantine Empire || Eastern Empire of Constantinople, late Imperial Rome. ||
 * Bodhisattvas || Had the idea people could get nirvana through meditation. ||
 * Mahayana || Also known as Buddhism in East Asia, contained basic Buddhism beliefs. Affected women also and not just men. ||
 * Benedict || Benedict, created a monastery in Italy persuaded people to stop worshipping Apollo and join him. ||